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March 1949 Syrian coup d'état
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March 1949 Syrian coup d'état : ウィキペディア英語版
March 1949 Syrian coup d'état

The March 1949 Syrian coup d'état was a bloodless coup d'état that took place on March 29 and was the first military coup in the history of Syria. It was led by the Syrian Army chief of staff at the time, Husni al-Za'im. President of Syria, Shukri al-Quwatli, was briefly imprisoned, but then released into exile in Egypt. al-Za'im also imprisoned many political leaders, such as Munir al-Ajlani, whom he accused of conspiring to overthrow the republic.
The coup was carried out with the discreet backing of the American government and especially the newly formed Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), possibly assisted by the Syrian Social Nationalist Party, although al-Za'im himself is not known to have been a member. According to Joseph Massad, a professor of Modern Arab Politics and Intellectual History at Columbia University, the coup was sponsored by the CIA,〔(The struggle for Syria The Syrian people are being sacrificed at the altar of US imperialism, says author. ),〕 a conclusion in agreement with other historians such as Prof. Douglas Little, and declassified records.〔(1949-1958, Syria: Early Experiments in Cover Action, Douglas Little, Professor, Department of History, Clark University )〕 The coup is also described by author Irene Gendzier, who states that "CIA agents Miles Copeland and Stephen Meade . . . were directly involved in the coup." An overarching US policy objective in Syria at the time was allowing the construction of the Trans-Arabian Pipeline, which the democratically elected government of Syria had blocked. The "Tapline" project was immediately ratified following the coup.〔
Among the officers that assisted al-Za'im's takeover was Adib al-Shishakli and Sami al-Hinnawi, both of whom would later also become military leaders of the country.〔Sami Moubayed (Keeping an eye on Syria: March 29, 1949 ) March 29, 2009〕
==See also==

*1954 Syrian coup d'état
*1963 Syrian coup d'état
*1966 Syrian coup d'état

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